Nusantara Federation

Nusantara Federation Persekutuan Nusantara
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Maralah Nusantara" "Bhineka Tunggal Ika"(other motto) "Forward Nusantara" "Unity in Diverse"
Anthem: "Nusantara Raya" "Greater Nusantara"
Capital		Kuala lumpur (official and king resident) Balikpapan (administrative)
Largest city		Jakarta,Kuala Lumpur, ,Singapore Dili, ,Kuching Palangka Raya Bandar Seri Begawan, Dili, Makassar ,Ambon , Kota Batu, ,Manilla, ,Bekasi, Jayapura, , Moresby, ,Surabaya, ,Bandung, ,Medan, Semerang ,Bandung, ,Bekasi, ,Davao, Cebu ,Depok, .Georgetown ,Semerang, Tangerang, Palembang, ,Ambon, .
Official languages		Malay
Recognised regional languages		Over 1,592 languages
Ethnic groups		Over 1,448 ethics groups
Religion		Islam (official) 71.1%, Christianity 14.9%%, Buddhism 1.8% Hinduism 1.5% Chinese folk religion, Taoism and Confucianism 1.8% Others/unknown 8.9%
Demonym		Nusantaran
Government		Federal Elective constitutional monarchy Federal Parliamentary
-	Yang Dipertuan Agong	Abdullah Ri'ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah
-	Prime Minister	Anwar Ibrahim
Legislature		Parliament
-	Upper house	Dewan Negara (House of Senate)
-	Lower house	Dewan Rakyat(House of Representatives)
Population
-	2020 estimate	443,559,643 (3th)
GDP (nominal)		2019 estimate
-	Total	$2.214 trillion (8th)
-	Per capita	185,070 (2th)
Currency		Nusantaran Dinar (NSD)
Time zone		UTC+8 (NST)
Date format		dd-mm-yyyy
Drives on the		left
Calling code		+60
ISO 3166 code		NS

The Nusantara, commonly known as just Nusantara (literally "between islands" in Malay and "archipelago" in Javanese, IPA: [ˈnusəntɔrə]), and officially known as the Nusantara Federation (Malay: Persekutuan Nusantara, IPA: [ˈnusəntɔrə]), also known as the Federation of the Nusantara is a federal constitutional monarchy inis a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. Nusantara shares border with Thailand to the north and Vietnam to the northeast, and Australia and Isaachar to the west; and others neighbouring countries such as China,Japan,Bangladesh,India and Myammar The southernmost point of the continent Eurasia. Nusantara is one of the 17 countries with many endemic species. Nusantara is the world's third-most populous country and the one of most populous Muslim-majority country.

History

Centuries before Europeans arrived, the Malay  archipelago has  various states, including commercially oriented coastal trading states and inland agrarian states.notably, Srivijaya Empire, Majapahit Empire,Pasai Sultanate ,Malacca Sultanate, Bruneian Empire and Kedah Sultanate,The first Europeans to arrive were the Portuguese in 1511 and Spanish in 1512 after the sungbu under the Spanish infulence and suzerainty in Sungbu and Butuan Sultan Bolkiah of Bruneian launch military expedition to Sungbu and Butuan and successfully controling those area and eliminate the Spanish infulence in the area,in the 1626 after Sultanate of Aceh under Iskandar Muda manage capture Malacca from after City of Malacca rule by the Portuguese since 1511.Following disruption of Dutch access to spices in Europe,the first Dutch expedition set sail for the East Indies in 1595 to access spices directly from Asia. When it made a 400% profit on its return, other Dutch expeditions soon followed. Recognising the potential of the East Indies trade, the Dutch government amalgamated the competing companies into the United East India Company (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie or VOC).The VOC was granted a charter to wage war, build fortresses, and make treaties across Asia.A capital was established in Batavia (now Jakarta), which became the center of the VOC's Asian trading network. To their original monopolies on nutmeg, peppers, cloves and cinnamon, the company and later colonial administrations introduced non-indigenous cash crops like coffee, tea, cacao, tobacco, rubber, sugar and opium, and safeguarded their commercial interests by taking over surrounding territory. Smuggling, the ongoing expense of war, corruption, and mismanagement led to bankruptcy by the end of the 18th century. The company was formally dissolved in 1800 and its colonial possessions in the Malay archipelago (including much of Java, parts of Sumatra, much of Maluku, and the hinterlands of ports such as Makasar, Manado, and Kupang) were nationalized under the Dutch Republic as the Dutch East Indies.

British Era

Before the late 19th century, the British largely practised a non-interventionist policy. Several factors such as the fluctuating supply of raw materials, and security, convinced the British to play a more active role in the Malay states.From the 17th to the early 19th century, few part of Maluku, Sulawesi, Sumatera and large part of Jawa was a Dutch possession. During the Napoleonic Wars, between 1811 and 1815, Malacca, like other Dutch holdings in Southeast Asia, was under the British. This was to prevent the French from controlling the former Dutch possessions in southeast Asia .in Aftermath of Napoleonic war UK takes control of the Dutch East Indies and and,those marking beginning of British colonial era in East Indies The large population of lower class worker in it new Colony greatly increase the population and wealth of the Colony, and those making British Colony in Malaya and Southeast Asia become one of crown jewel of the British Empire, Later During the Opium Wars, Britains increased holdings in Asia lead to them taking an islands in Malay Archipelago.

World wars

The First World War did not affect British East Indies directly, aside from a naval skirmish between the renegade German cruiser SMS Emden and the Russian cruiser Zhemchug off the coast of George Town, in what became known as the Battle of Penang. The Second World War however consumed the country. Japan invaded Nusantara in 1941, as part of the coordinated attack that started at Pearl Harbor. Nusantara were under Japanese occupation from 1942 until 1945. Japan rewarded Siam for its co-operation during this period by giving it the state of ghairibi,singorara,Patani,Kelantan, Terengganu Kedah and Perlis The rest of British East Indies was governed as a single colony from Singapore. After Japan's surrender at the end of the Second World War, British East Indies were placed under British Military Administration.

Communist insurgency

Commmunist insurgency of Nusantara started from 1948 until 1960 the conflict between The British later Nusantara Federation and the Communist Rebels NPA In June 1948 the communist wage a guirella war against the British rule Many of the Communist fighters who fought against British colonialism were former anti Japanese guirella fighters,(NPAJA)who had been trained and funded by the British years prior to fight against the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second World War. The majority of the support for the communist rebels came from the ethnic Chinese population,most of communist active in Malaya and part of Sumatra,Despite the war ending in 1960, the communist renewed the insurgency against the Nusantaran  government in 1967. This second phase of the insurgency lasted until 1990.

Rise of Nationalism Opposition formation of East Indies Union and independent

the Nusantaran Nationalism traced from 19th century and the beginning 20th, when number of secondary educated Nusantaran was almost negligible and from this time on, the colonial government expand secondary educational opportunities to indigenous Nusantarans. In 1925, the government's focus shifted to the provision of a widespread three-year elementary vocational education.the British aimed to control the education of young native elites and establish colonial ideas of race and class hierarchies, so that elite subjects would wish to both run the country and serve their colonisers. The teacher's college had lectures and writings that nurtured nationalist sentiments. education did not deliver widespread educational opportunities, however, it did provide British education for the children of the indigenous elite. Largely intended to provide clerical labour for the growing colonial bureaucracy, the Western education brought with it Western political ideas of freedom and democracy. During the 1920s and 30s, this small elite began to articulate a rising anti-colonialism and a national consciousness.During this period the first Nusantaran political parties began to emerge; the youth group, Budi Utomo was established in 1908, and the East indies Party in 1912. The same year, Syarikat Islam was founded and in 1938 kesatuan Nusantara Muda founded by Ibrahim Yaakob and Nusantara National Party founded by Sukarno in 1927,the Nusantaran National Revolution started after the end of second world war the revolution accoured most of Java and few part of Sumatra started from 1945 until 1948 the Revolution was metirial supported by the Ottomans Empire and several countries ended with British victory fails due to with various factions supported by the British later establish military admiration despite of this anti colonial Movement still strong and gaining more popularity in Prior to World War II and support by the Ottomans Sultan Caliph, British East Indies consisted of three groups of polities: the protectorate of the Federated States Of Malaya,Federated States of Sumatra, Federated state of Java Federated States of Borneo Federated State of Sulaku protected territory of Papua, territory of Tondo, Unfederated Malay states and the crown colony of the Straits Settlements and Lesser Sunda island .The Natives Population generally opposed the creation of the Union. The oppose it due to the methods of the British used to a Sultans and the King's approval by threatened them with dethronement and accusations of collaboration, the reduction of the Sultans' and kings powers and autonomy that the native have and also British crackdown upon many pro independent political figure and also rising Anti British sentiment after the revolution ,United Nusantara Alliance Organisation or UNAO, a political association formed by Dato' Onn bin Ja'afar on 1 March 1946 as successor of previous pro independent political parties after the revolution, After the inauguration of the East Indies Union, the Natives, under UNAO continued opposing the East Indies Union. They utilised civil disobedience as a means of protest by refusing to attend the installation ceremonies of the British governors. They had also refused to participate in the meetings of the Advisory Councils, hence the Natives participation in the government bureaucracy and the political process had totally stopped. The British had recognised this problem and feared about another uprising and Preassure by the United states and The Ottomans , the British took measures to consider the opinions of Natives the in Nusantara before making amendments to the constitution. The East Indies Union was dissolved and replaced by the Nusantara Federation on 1 February 1949 .On 19 August 1950, Nusantara became an independent Nation and member of the Commonwealth.

Politics and government

Abdullah of Pahang Yang Dipertuan Agong		Anwar Ibrahim Prime Minister

Nusantara is a federal state under the constitutional monarchy. The Nusantara Constitution, adopted in 1949,few years after Nusantara Federation declared as independent state,is a legal framework governing the rulings of kings, rulers, legislators and bicameral councils. The King maintained the executive and legislative powers of the government and parliament.The head of state is Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commonly referred to as the King. The King is elected to a 3 years terms by and from the eight rulers of the Federal Kingdom .The king exercises his powers through the government that he appoints for a three-year term, which is responsible before the parliament that is made up of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The judiciary is independent according to the constitution The Prime Minister of Nusantara (Malay: Perdana Menteri Nusantara) is the head of government and the highest political office in Nusantara. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong appoints Prime Minister as a Member of Parliament (MP) who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. The Prime Minister chairs the Cabinet of Nusantara, the de facto executive branch of government.

Air travel

NusaUdara

Nusa Udara Berhad (N.U.B.)
نوسا اودارا

IATA NS ICAO NUS نوس Callsign NUSAUDARA نوساودارا
Founded	1st May, 1948 75 years, 11 months and 18 days ago
Commenced operations	1st October, 1949 74 years, 6 months and 18 days ago
Hubs	Kuala Lumpur International Airport
Secondary hubs	• Brunei International Airport • Clark International Airport • Francisco Bangoy International Airport • Kota Kinabalu International Airport • Kualanamu International Airport • Kuching International Airport • Mactan–Cebu International Airport • Ngurah Rai International Airport • Soekarno–Hatta International Airport • Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport
Focus cities	• Adisutjipto International Airport • Penang International Airport • Sam Ratulangi International Airport • Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II International Airport
Frequent flyer program	Enrich
Alliance	Oneworld
Subsidiaries	• NusaUdara Kargo • NuSayap
Fleet size	316
Destinations	±15 domestic 46 international
Company slogan	Nusantaran hospitality.
Parent company	Khazanah Nasional Berhad Nusantara Aviation Group
Headquarters	Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Sepang, Nusantara Federation 2°44’N 101°41’E
Key people	Izham Ismail (CEO) Omar Siddiq Amin Noer Rashid (CFO) Arved von Zur Muehlen (CCO) Dato' Mohd Khalis Abdul Rahim (CHCO)
Net income	USD 73.69 million (2017)
Website	https://www.nusaudara.ns.org/

Nusa Udara Berhad (Jawi: نوسا اودارا, English: "Island Air S.A."), doing business and trade as NusaUdara (Jawi: نوساودارا) , and formerly and sometimes referred to as Nusantara Airlines (Malay: Penerbangan Nusantara), is the national flag-carrier of Nusantara.

Continent	Cities	Total
Africa	Cairo • Tunis • Cape Town • Algiers	4
Asia	Instanbul • Yerevan • Baku• Hong Kong • Manama • Chennai • Tehran • Beirut • Seol • Tokyo	10
Oceania	Auckland • Christchurch • Darwin • Goldcost • Melbourne	5
Europe	Lisbon • Madrid • Barcelona • Paris • Dublin • Edinburgh • London • Brussels • Amsterdam • Frankfurt • Berlin • Bern • Vienna • Venice • Milan • Turin • Rome • Prague • Zagreb	19
North America	Toronto • Detroit • Calgary • New York • Los Angeles • Newark	6
South America	Buenos Aires • Rio	2

State in Nusantaran federation

Federal States

Nusantara is a federal country with 78 states and 6 Federal Territories, two The 57 Nusantaran states are led by a King as the head of state accompanied by an executive Chief Minister as the head of a politically responsible government. The Kings of Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Selangor,Jambi, Palembang, Banten, Deli,Langkat,Serdang,Pontianak, Banjar, Bulungan, Brunei, Kutai, Sulu, Maguindanao , Luwu, Gowa, Tallo,Tidore, Ternate , Terengganu,Bima,Siak, Landak,Aceh,Tanjungpura,Kotawaringin,Yongyarkarta,Cirebon , indragiri,Buton , Gunung Tabur, Sambailung, Pagaruyung and Bone titled Sultan. Negeri Sembilan holds the sole title of the Yang di-Pertuan Besar, while the Perlis King is only hold the title of "Raja"(King) Luwu holds titles of Datu Banggai hold title of Tomundo and Mangkunegara , Surakarta, and Pakualam hold title of Sunan, States that have no sultan or king,Ghairibi,Malacca, Luzon, singgora, , Irian Jaya, West Irian ,Moresby,Nusa Tengara,Bangka Belitung,Bali, Mindoro, Bicol,Visaya, Bakkara, Bengkulu,Selimbau ,Sintang Blambangan,Mandar,Donggala,Gorontalo,Minahasa,Poso,Kotawe,Mekkonga and South Maluku .each are headed by a Governor in the name of federal appointment, the Yang di-Pertua Negeri, accompanied by the Chief Minister as the head of government executive

Federal Kingdom.

Federal KIngdom comprised 8 Kingdoms,Malaya,Sumatra,Jawa,Borneo,Sulawesi,Maluku,Bima and Maharlika,Similar to 33 Nusantaran states,each one led by a monarch Differ than the regular Federal States,Status of the Federals kingdom is similar to the Luaks in State of Negeri Sembilan, similar appointments of The Yang di-Pertuan Agong , The Head of state appointed is rotated or elected by amongs the rulers , comprising the eight rulers of the Federal kingdoms, and thuse making Nusantara one of countries with unique monarchy system.

Admistration

Every state( the federal states) has an legislative state, namely the State Legislative Assembly (DUN). State Assembly members are drawn from the constituency's constituency members. Chief Minister appoints the Head of State usually a majority of state-level party leaders. One term in the State Assembly is five years, but the rally was initially disbanded by the head of state on the advice of the Chief Minister. Generally, the DUN was dissolved in conjunction with the dissolution of the federal parliament, so that state elections were held simultaneously with parliamentary elections. However, the head of state holds the discretionary power to dissolve the DUN.Each state sent two representatives to the National Assembly, the federal parliamentary parliamentary council.As a federal state, Nusantara governance work is distributed between federal and state governments. Certain responsibilities of federal and state governments are listed in the Ninth Schedule of the Constitution of the Federation. In theory, any description not specified in the Ninth Schedule can be legislated at state level. However, law experts liken this to a so-called "pauper's bequest" scope of so extensive in the Ninth Schedule. The court generally prioritizes the broad interpretation of the contents of the Ninth Schedule, thus reducing the number of things that may not have been covered. The Ninth Schedule clearly lists the following which may be enacted by state law: land holdings, Islamic religion and local government.The Nusantara Parliament is permitted to enact land laws, Islamic religions and local governments to ensure uniformity of laws between all states, or at the request of the State Assembly. The law in question must also be approved by the State Legislative Assembly, except for a description of certain land laws. Non-Muslims on the scope of the state can also be drafted at the level of the convention for the purpose of complying with the constitution.

Legal system

Nusantara's legal system is based on Two Law, English Common Law and Shariah Law Although the judiciary is theoretically independent, its independence has been called into question and the appointment of judges lacks accountability and transparency. The highest court in the judicial system is the Federal Court,The death penalty is in use for serious crimes such as murder, terrorism, drug trafficking, and kidnapping and rape .Separate from and running parallel to the civil courts are the Syariah Courts, which apply Shariah law to Muslims like Hudud,Qisas and Tazir and LGBTQ is illegal.

Economy

Nusantara operates a sophisticated market economy, which has so far discussed extensive trade trade. In addition to Hong Kong, Korea and Taiwan, Nusantara is one of the Four Tigers. The main industry of nusantara is petroleum,petrochemichals,fishing,electronic,palm oil,coal,coffe,chemicals,timber and automotive, but is not forgotten as well as major contributions from the electronics sector, petroleum mills, chemicals, mechanical engineering and bio-sciences medicine. In 2006, Nusantara produced about 10% of the world wafer products. Nusantara is also to have one of the world's busiest ports and the world's fourth largest foreign exchange trading hub,Singapore behind London, New York and Tokyo. Nusantara is rated by the World Bank as a major logistics hub in the world. Nusantara is ranked among the ten most open, competitive, and innovative economies in the world. Expected to be the most business-friendly economy in the world, Nusantara welcomes hundreds of overseas expatriates working in multinational corporations, and employing hundreds more foreign workers. Production of crude oil and natural gas part of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Nusantara. Big enough income from overseas investments increases income from domestic production.Nusantara has a mixed economy in which both the private sector and government play vital roles.The country has the largest economy in Southeast Asia and 8th in the world, is a member of the G20 Nusa Udara Berhad, doing business as NusaUdara (literally "island air" in Malay), is the national flag-carrier of Nusantara.

Military

Nusantaran Armed Forces. Clockwise from top: Nusantaran Army during training session, F-35 Lightning II, Leopard 2, and Nusantaran naval vessel KD Lekiu  and KD Jebat  with USS George Washington.

The Nusantaran  Armed Forces have three branches: the Royal Nusantaran Navy, the Nusantaran Army, and the Royal Nusantaran Air Force. Yang Dipertuan Agong is the commander in chief of the armed forces ,There is no conscription, and the required age for voluntary military service is 18. The military uses 3.1% of the country's GDP,The Nusantaran  military, arguably the most technologically advanced in Southeast Asia, Nusantara  has the world's sixth largest number of active troops 719,537 , the world's highest number of reserve troops 1,967,700  The Nusantaran military is ranked as the 7th most powerful and largest military force in the world.before independence and formation of nusantara federetion the military authorities of british east indies was held by the british colonial forces and 1st armed forces formed during nusantara national revolution as PETA later dissolved after the revolution ended with british and the allies victories and later reformed again as ABN( Angkatan bersenjata Nusantara- The Nusantaran Armed Forces).Joint exercises and war games have also been held with , China, India, Japan, and the United States.

Foreign Relations

one of founding and active members of Association of Southeast Asian Nations. ASEAN and one of founding and members Organisation of Islamic Corperation, OIC It has hosted several summits and is an active contributor to the direction and policies of the bloc and one of members of APEC and Non Allingned movemment , foreign policy is officially based on the principle of neutrality and maintaining peaceful relations with all countries, regardless of their political system despite of the sometime some the past goverments was anti west like Sukarno goverments and Mahathir Goverments or pro west during the hight of cold war such as Tunku Goverment and Suharto Goverment, Nusantaran peacekeeping forces have contributed to many UN peacekeeping missions, such as in Congo and Namibia. Nusantara federation has a close ties with Ottomans due to historical ties and its support during the revolution

Alliance with Ryukyu Union,Treaty of Jakarta signed on 28/1/019.

Alliance with Neo Prussia,Treaty of Singapore signed on 15/8/2019.

Alliance with Zarexium, Treaty of Kuala Lumpur 31/1/ 2020

Alliance with Athis, Treaty of Singapore signed on 5/12/2020

Culture

Nusantara has a multi-ethnic, multicultural, and multilingual society. The cultural history of the Nusantaran spans more than two millennia. Influences from the Indian subcontinent, mainland China, the Middle East, Europe,and the Austronesian peoples have historically shaped the cultural, linguistic and religious makeup of the archipelago. As a result, modern-day Nusantara has a multicultural, multilingual and multi-ethnic society, with a complex cultural mixture that differs significantly from the original indigenous cultures.

A craftsman making batik. batik is usually patterned with floral motifs with light colouring.

Nusantara is centrally-located along ancient trading routes between the Far East, South Asia and the Middle East, resulting in many cultural practices being strongly influenced by a multitude of religions, including Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Christianity, all strong in the major trading cities. The result is a complex cultural mixture very different from the original indigenous cultures. Examples of the fusion of Islam with Hinduism include Javanese Abangan belief, the fusion of Hinduism, Buddhism and animism in Bodha, and the fusion of Hinduism and animism in Kaharingan; others could be cited. Balinese dances have stories about ancient Buddhist and Hindu kingdoms Traditional Nusantaran art was mainly centred on the areas of carving, weaving, and silversmithing. Traditional art ranges from handwoven baskets from rural areas to the silverwork of the Malay courts. Common artworks included ornamental kris, beetle nut sets, and woven batik and songket fabrics. Indigenous East Nusantarans are known for their wooden masks.Each ethnic group have distinct performing arts, with little overlap between them. However, Malay art does show some North Indian influence due to the historical influence of India. Traditional Malay music and performing arts appear to have originated in the Kelantan-Pattani region with influences from India, China and Thailand. The music is based around percussion instruments,the most importan which is the gendang (drum). There are at least 14 types of traditional drums. Drums and other traditional percussion instruments and are often made from natural materials.Music is traditionally used for storytelling, celebrating life-cycle events, and occasions such as a harvest. It was once used as a form of long-distance communication. In East Nusantara, gong-based musical ensembles such as agung andwhich is the gendang (drum). There are at least 14 types of traditional drums. Drums and other traditional percussion instruments and are often made from natural materials.Music is traditionally used for storytelling, celebrating life-cycle events, and occasions such as a harvest. It was once used as a form of long-distance communication. In East Nusantara, gong-based musical ensembles such as agung and kulintang are commonly used in ceremonies such as funerals and weddings

Wau bulan, originally from Kelantan, is one of Nusantaran's fine arts

Nusantara has a strong oral tradition that has existed since before the arrival of writing, and continues today. Each of the Malay Sultanates created their own literary tradition, influenced by pre-existing oral stories and by the stories that came with Islam. The first Malay literature was in the Arabic script. The earliest known Malay writing is on the Terengganu stone, made in 1303. Chinese and Indian literature became common as the numbers of speakers increased in Nusantara, and locally produced works based in languages from those areas began to be produced in the 19th century.English has also become a common literary language. In 1971, the government took the step of defining the literature of different languages. Literature written in Malay was called "the national literature of Nusantara", literature in other bumiputera languages was called "regional literature", while literature in other languages was called "sectional literature".Malay poetry is highly developed, and uses many forms. The Hikayat form is popular, and the pantun has spread from Malay to other languages.Indonesian arts include both age-old art forms developed through centuries and a recently developed contemporary art. Despite often displaying local ingenuity, Nusantaran arts have absorbed foreign influences—most notably from India, the Arab world, China and Europe, due to contacts and interactions facilitated, and often motivated, by trade. Painting is an established and developed art in Bali, where its people are famed for their artistry. Their painting tradition started as classical Kamasan or Wayang style visual narrative, derived from visual art discovered on candi bas reliefs in eastern Java.As with the arts, Nusantaran architecture has absorbed foreign influences that have brought cultural changes and profound effect on building styles and techniques. The most dominant has traditionally been Indian; however, Chinese, Arab, and European influences have also been significant. Traditional carpentry, masonry, stone and woodwork techniques and decorations have thrived in vernacular architecture, with numbers of traditional houses' styles that have been developed. The traditional houses and settlements vary by ethnic groups, and each has a specific custom and history.Examples include Tongkonan, Rumah Gadang and Rangkiang, Javanese style Pendopo pavilion with Joglo style roof, longhouses and various other Malay houses, Balinese houses and temples, and also different forms of rice barns (lumbung).

Cuisine

Nusantaran cuisine reflects the multi-ethnic makeup of its population. Many cultures from within the country and from surrounding regions have greatly influenced the cuisine. Much of the influence comes from Chinese and Indian cultures, largely due to the country being part of the ancient spice route.The different states have varied dishes, and often the food in Nusantara is different from the original dishes.

Sometimes food not found in its original culture is assimilated into another; for example, Chinese restaurants in Nusantara often serve local dishes. Food from one culture is sometimes also cooked using styles taken from another culture, For example, sambal belacan (shrimp paste) are commonly used as ingredients by Chinese restaurants to the stir fried water spinach (kangkung belacan). This means that although much of Nusantaran food can be traced back to a certain culture, they have their own identity. Rice is popular in many dishes. Chili is commonly found in local cuisine, although this does not necessarily make them spicy. Nusantara cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Nusantara and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.The remainder consists of the peoples of Kalimantan in East Nusantara, the people in Malaya peninsula, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates. As a result of historical migrations, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Nusantara's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Various multi ethnic groups, with some infulance from Middle East, Europe and China and India cuis name a few. This resulted in a symphony of flavours, making Nusanraran cuisine highly complex and diverse.Because Peninsular of Malaya shares a common history with Sumatra, it is common to find versions of the same dish across both sides of the border regardless of place of origin, such as laksa and chicken rice. Also because of their proximity, historicines, to migrations and close ethnic and cultural kinship, Nusantara shares culinary ties with other Nusantaran province, as both provinces often share certain dishes, such as satay, rendang and sambal.Some popular dishes such as nasi goreng, gado-gado, sate, and soto are very common in the country and considered as national dishes. The Ministry of Tourism, however, chose tumpeng as the official national dish in 2014, describing it as binding the diversity of various culinary traditions. Another popular dishes include rendang, one of the many Padang cuisines along with dendeng and gulai. In 2017, rendang was chosen as the "World's Most Delicious Food" by the CNN Travel reader's choice.Another fermented food is oncom, similar in some ways to tempeh but uses a variety of bases (not only soy), created by a different fungi, and particularly popular in West Java.

Nasi Lemak

Teh Tarik

Nasi Padang with rendang, gulai and vegetables