United Republic of Korea

The United Republic of Korea, or just Korea, in Korean "한국의 통일 공화국", is an independent sovreign state located in Asia. With 76,497,881 estimated inhabitants It is the 7th largest Asian nation by population after Indonesia and the Philippines, and the third fully Asian nation by population and GDP (nominal), and the fifth by GDP per capital.

United Republic of Korea is a historical country in East Asia. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by China to the northwest and Russia to the northeast. It is separated from Japan to the east by the Korea Strait and the Sea of Japan (East Sea).

In 2017, North Korea multiply actions against the south. Missile fire are increasing. The south fears an attack. And the United States mingle the conflict and share his actions, it increases the tension already present.

But with the Olympic Games in Pyeongchang in 2018, North Korea start discussions with the south. North Korea sends a delegation to the game. As a result, discussions will lead to the unification and creation of the country.

Etymology
"Korea" is the modern spelling of "Corea", a name attested in English as early as 1614. Korea was transliterated as Cauli in The Travels of Marco Polo, based on the kingdom of Goryeo (Hangul: 고려; Hanja: 高麗; MR: Koryŏ), which ruled most of the Korean peninsula during Marco Polo's time. Korea's introduction to the West resulted from trade and contact with merchants from Arabic lands,with some records dating back as far as the 9th century. Goryeo's name was a continuation of Goguryeo (Koguryŏ) the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, which was officially known as Goryeo beginning in the 5th century. With expanding British and American trade following the opening of Korea in the late 19th century, the spelling "Korea" appeared and gradually grew in popularity; its use in transcribing East Asian languages avoids the issues caused by the separate hard and soft Cs existing in English vocabulary derived from the Romance languages. The name Korea is now commonly used in English contexts by both North and South Korea.

With the Unification of the two Korea's the government would found a name discribe the unity. A first proposition is United Korea, but for much korean this name is too short. So the word "Republic" has been added for became United Republic of Korea.

History
Also: History of Korea

Middle Age
The Lower Paleolithic era in the Korean Peninsula began roughly half a million years ago.The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 8000 BC, and the Neolithic period began after 6000 BC, followed by the Bronze Age by 800 BC,and the Iron Age around 400 BC.After enjoying a period of peace for nearly two centuries, the Joseon dynasty faced foreign invasions and internal fractional strifes, beginning in 1592 until 1637.

Korean Empire
Henceforth, Joseon gradually became more and more isolationist and stagnant. By the mid 19th century, with the country unwilling to modernize, and encroachment of European powers, Joseon Korea was forced to sign unequal treaties with foreign powers. After the assassination of Empress Myeongseong in 1895, Donghak Rebellions of 1894-1895, and Gabo Reforms of 1894 to 1896, the Korean Empire (1897–1910) came into existence and a brief but rapid period of social reform and modernization occurred. However, in 1905, the Korean Empire signed a protectorate treaty and in 1910 Japan annexed the Korean Empire.Korean resistance was manifested in the widespread nonviolent March 1st Movement of 1919. Thereafter the resistance movements, coordinated by the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in exile, were largely active in neighboring Manchuria, China, and Siberia.

II World Wars
Figures from these exile organizations would become important in post-WWII Korea.After the end of WWII in 1945, the Allies divided the country into a northern area, protected by the Soviets, and a southern area protected primarily by the United States. In 1948, when the powers failed to agree on the formation of a single government, this partition became the modern states of North and South Korea. The peninsula was divided at the 38th Parallel: the "Republic of Korea" was created in the south, with the backing of the US and Western Europe, and the "Democratic People's Republic of Korea" in the north, with the backing of the Soviets and the communist People's Republic of China. The new premier of North Korea, Kim il-Sung launched the Korean War in 1950 in an attempt to reunify the country under Communist rule. After immense material and human destruction, the conflict ended with a cease-fire in 1953. The two nations officially remain at war because a peace treaty was never signed. Both states were accepted into the United Nations in 1991.

The 2 Korea's
While both countries were essentially under military rule after the war, South Korea eventually liberalized. Since 1987 it has had a competitive electoral system. The South Korean economy has prospered, and the country is now considered to be fully developed, with a similar capital economic standing to Western Europe, Japan, and the United States. North Korea has maintained a militarized dictatorship rule, with a cult of personality constructed around the Kim family. Economically, North Korea has remained heavily dependent on foreign aid. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, that aid fell precipitously. The country's economic situation has been quite marginal since.

Moder UR Korea
North Korea has agreed to send a delegation to the 2018 Winter Olympics in South Korea and to hold talks with Seoul to ease military tensions, in the most significant thaw in relations between the neighboring states in years.

Officials from the two nations met face to face on Tuesday 23 January for the first time in more than two years in the border town of Panmunjom, known as "truce village," in the Korean peninsula's heavily fortified demilitarized zone.

South Korean negotiators floated organizing another round of reunifications for families separated during the Korean War which is technically still ongoing, as no formal peace treaty has been signed."South Korea has been working at this for a long time," he said. "Seoul already proposed those things: Let's get our militaries talking and let's reunite families. Technically, North Korea really never said no."

The 23 January 2018, North Korean have protest on the street about North Korea dictature, the yesterday Kim was arrested. The goverment give a SOS to South Korea. The first febuary, Korean people are united and family have meet their member for the first time since 1945.

The 14 Febuary 2018 the pennisula was united and became the United Republic of Korea.

Geography
Korea is located on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. To the northwest, the Amnok River separates Korea from China and to the northeast, the Duman River separates Korea from China and Russia. The peninsula is surrounded by the Yellow Sea to the west, the East China Sea and Korea Strait to the south, and the East Sea (Sea of Japan) .Notable islands include Jeju Island, Ulleung Island, Dokdo..United Republic of Korea is one of the countries in the world with the most islands, having nearly 3 262.

The southern and western parts of the peninsula have well-developed plains, while the eastern and northern parts are mountainous. The highest mountain in Korea is Mount Paektu (2,744 m), through which runs the border with China. Two exceptions are the southward-flowing Nakdong River and Seomjin River. Important rivers running westward include the Amnok River, the Chongchon River, the Taedong River, the Han River, the Geum River, and the Yeongsan River. These rivers have vast flood plains and provide an ideal environment for wet-rice cultivation.

Volcanology
The highest mountain in Korea is Mount Paektu (2,744 m), Koreans consider the volcano and its caldera lake to be their countries' spiritual home. This was one of the largest and most violent eruptions in the last 5,000 years (alongside the Hatepe eruption of Lake Taupo in around AD 180 and the 1815 eruption of Tambora).

Environment
The southern and southwestern coastlines of Korea form a well-developed ria coastline, known as Dadohae-jin in Korean. Its convoluted coastline provides mild seas, and the resulting calm environment allows for safe navigation, fishing, and seaweed farming. In addition to the complex coastline, the western coast of the Korean Peninsula has an extremely high tidal amplitude (at Incheon, around the middle of the western coast. It can get as high as 9 m). Vast tidal flats have been developing on the south and west coastlines.

Fauna and flora
Animal life of Korea includes a considerable number of bird species and native freshwater fish. Native or endemic species of the Korean Peninsula include Korean hare, Korean water deer, Korean field mouse, Korean brown frog, Korean pine and Korean spruce. The Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) with its forest and natural wetlands is a unique biodiversity spot, which harbours eighty two endangered species. There are also approximately 3,034 species of vascular plants.

Climate
United Republic of Korea tends to have a humid continental climate and a humid subtropical climate, and is affected by the East Asian monsoon, with precipitation heavier in summer during a short rainy season called jangma (장마), which begins end of June through the end of July. Winters can be extremely cold with the minimum temperature dropping below −20 °C (−4 °F) in the inland region of the country: in Seoul, the average January temperature range is −7 to 1 °C (19 to 34 °F), and the average August temperature range is 22 to 30 °C (72 to 86 °F). Winter temperatures are higher along the southern coast and considerably lower in the mountainous interior.Summer can be uncomfortably hot and humid, with temperatures exceeding 30 °C (86 °F) in most parts of the country. Korea has four distinct seasons; spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring usually lasts from late March to early May, summer from mid-May to early September, autumn from mid-September to early November, and winter from mid-November to mid-March.