Tucsón

Tucsón (/ˈtuːsɒn, tuːˈsɒn/), officially the Republic of Tucsón (: República de Tucsón) is a country in. Bordered by to the south and states of Central California,  and  to the north.

With population of over 8 million people, concentrated mostly around metropolitan city areas, Tucsón is the in North America and  in the world. With area of 210,973 km2, it's one of the smallest and least densely populated countries of.

The capital of Tucsón is, with population of 625k people, making it the 3rd largest city in the country. , the largest city, has about 1.6 mln inhabitants. The biggest metropolitan area in the country is the - Metropolitan Area.

Tucsón is a   divided into TBA administrative subdivisions. Member of the.

Etymology
Spanish name Tucsón comes from the Cuk Ṣon, meaning "Spring at the base of the black mountain". It relates to the, located in the suburbs of.

Mexican-American War
In 1846, United States initiated the, starting the. As enemy's forces were moving deep into New Mexico, capturing major cities of and, Mexican morale dropped rapidly.

, elected President of Mexico fighting on the frontline, entered an agreement with the living in the area of modern Tucsón. Hundreds of the indigenous men were sent to the frontline in exchange for increased autonomy in of the region.

Santa Anna's successfully recaptured city of El Paso and established a stable defense line to the north of Fénix. Meanwhile in California, Mexican armies lost and retreated to Tucsón, leaving open access to.

was signed in 1848. Mexican-American border was redrawn, losing Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, West Texas and California.

As promised, Territory of Tucsón received special autonomy after the war ended. The population in the area was growing rapidly due to high rate of migration from lands seized by the United States. Indigenous peoples were given equal right to the Mexican population.

Gadsden Purchase and independence
Only 5 years after the war ended, the United States proposed to purchase over 100,000 km2 of Tucsón's lands in order to build a transcontinental railroad and resolve other border issues. The first draft was signed in 1853 by President Santa Anna and US ambassador to Mexico -.

The possible purchase caused huge controversies, eventually causing violent riots in the Territory of Tucsón. Pro-purchase politicians were forced out of the city and the first of the Republic of Tucsón was established. A number of treaties were signed, securing nation's independence. Both United States and Mexico recognised sovereignity of Tucsón in 1855.

Geography
Tucsón is located in North America between latitudes 31° and 34° N and longitudes 106° and 114° W. Tucsonian landscape has a vast and diverse geography famous for its deep canyons, high- and low-elevation deserts, numerous natural rock formations, and volcanic mountain ranges.

Climate
Tucsonian climate is mostly hot, with very hot summers and mild winters.

Government
Tucsón is a , similar to Mexico.

Despite having a presidential system, Tucsón has a Prime Minister. The president is still both the head of state and government, while the Prime Minister's roles are mostly to assist the president. Current president of the country is Xochitl Torres Small, elected in 2020 for her first 5-year presidency. She is also the first woman in office.

Thanks to efforts of the President and the Prime Minister - Claudia Pavlovich Arellano - General Congress of Tucsón is now working on a new version of constitution that would adapt. If the plan succeeds, Tucsón will become the first country in Latin America to abandon presidential system.

The legislative branch is made up of the Congress of Deputies, the lower house and the Senate, the upper house. Tucsón operates a.